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Diyarbakır, Turkey, the city walls and fortress at sunrise
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Country

Turkey

Continent

Asia

Airport

DIY

Currency

Turkish lira

Time zone

UTC+3

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Walking the Diyarbakır city walls

The Diyarbakır city walls are the reason to come: an almost intact ring of high black basalt walls, more than 5 km long, with 82 towers and four main gates (Dağ Kapı to the north, Mardin Kapı to the south, Urfa Kapı to the west and Yeni Kapı to the east). They stand 10 to 12 m high and 3 to 5 m thick, and are often described as the longest and widest complete defensive system in the world after the Great Wall of China. Together with the Hevsel Gardens they have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2015.

Walking on the walls

Public sections, including the Keçi Burcu bastion, are free to walk, and the stretch from Dağ Kapı to Mardin Kapı is about 2.5 km. Watch your step: the stairs are uneven, there are no railings, and local advice is to stay off the walls after dusk.

Diyarbakır travel: a black-stone city on the Tigris

Diyarbakır sees few tourists, which is part of its charm: a black-stone city on the Tigris, breakfasts in a caravanserai courtyard and a generous, meat-rich cuisine. At the Dengbêj House you can also hear dengbêj, singers of the Kurdish oral storytelling tradition, live.

Amida, ten thousand years of history

Habitation here goes back to about 8,000 BCE. Ancient Amida became a frontier fortress of the Roman Empire facing Persia and passed to the Arabs in 639; the name Diyar Bakr is said to come from the Arab tribe of Bakr. The Ottomans took over from 1515. The city stands on a basalt plateau at roughly 650 to 700 m.

Market gardens between the citadel and the Tigris

A cultural landscape on the UNESCO list

Between the citadel and the river, the Hevsel Gardens were recorded in Aramean chronicles of the 9th century BCE. Springs rise beneath the basalt, including the historic Anzele spring, and still water cabbage, spinach, lettuce, parsley, aubergines, tomatoes and watermelons. The walls and the gardens were inscribed together on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2015, as the Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape.

Diyarbakır, a stone arched bridge over the Tigris in autumn

The Ten-Arched Bridge

About 3 km south of Mardin Gate, the Ten-Arched Bridge (On Gözlü Köprü, also called the Tigris Bridge) spans 172 m over the river; its current sections date from 1065, in the Marwanid period.

A mosque, a caravanserai, churches and song

SiteGood to know
Ulu Cami (Great Mosque)Converted from the church of St Thomas in 639 and rebuilt in 1090-1091 under the Seljuk sultan Malik Shah, in basalt with Byzantine reused stones. Often ranked as the fifth holiest site in Islam. Entry is free.
Hasan Paşa HanA caravanserai of 1572-1575 now filled with cafes and shops, open 7 am to 9 pm. Its courtyard is the place for breakfast.
St GiragosAn Armenian church restored in 2011.
Church of the Virgin MaryA Syriac Orthodox church that is still active.
Church of St GeorgeAnother witness to the city's Christian past.
Dengbêj HouseA house where you can hear singers of the Kurdish storytelling tradition live.

In mosques and churches, cover shoulders and knees, and remove your shoes in mosques. After the 2023 earthquake that affected the region, the condition of some monuments may change, so check before you come.

The archaeological museum and writers' houses

MuseumWhat you see
Archaeological MuseumObjects from the Neolithic to the Ottoman period; closed on Monday, open 8:30 am to 7 pm in summer (to be checked).
Cahit Sıtkı Tarancı HouseThe former home of the poet, a traditional Diyarbakır house.
Ziya Gökalp MuseumThe birthplace of the thinker and poet Ziya Gökalp.
Ahmed Arif Library-MuseumA place devoted to literature and the poet Ahmed Arif.

Opening hours and fees change: check the official Turkish museums website (muze.gov.tr) before setting out.

Stuffed lamb ribs and burma kadayıf

DishWhat it is
Kaburga dolmasıLamb ribs stuffed with rice, almonds and spices, the signature dish
MeftuneA lamb stew with aubergine and sumac
Ciğer kebabıGrilled lamb liver
Çiğ köfteRaw-style meat and bulgur balls, heavily spiced
Burma kadayıfThe dessert with walnuts, in crisp fine vermicelli
WatermelonGrown locally and celebrated by a festival every summer

Where to eat

Breakfast is taken in the courtyard of Hasan Paşa Han; the rest is best tried in the restaurants of the old city. Lamb seasoned with sumac and coriander runs through the local cooking.

Hot springs, a volcano and a Roman fort

DestinationFrom DiyarbakırWhy go
ÇermikAbout 30 minutes to 1 hour (to be checked)Its hot springs
Zerzevan FortAbout 45 km southeastA Roman fort with a Mithraic temple
KaracadağIn the surrounding areaAn extinct volcano

A hire car or an organised excursion is the simplest way to reach these sites; public transport there is sparse.

Diyarbakır Airport and arriving in the city

DIY

Diyarbakır

Around 10 to 15 km from the centre (to be checked), roughly 20 to 30 minutes by taxi. Flights link Diyarbakır with Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir and Antalya, plus some German cities in season; from Istanbul, expect a flight of around 2 hours (to be checked).

Taxis and city transport serve the centre; check timetables and fares on arrival.

JourneyApproximate timeGood to know
DIY to the centreAbout 20 to 30 minutesTaxi or city transport (to be checked)
Railway station to the old cityOn footThe station is about 1 km west of the old city
Bus station to the old cityAbout 20 to 30 minutesAbout 10 km to the west, by taxi or dolmuş (duration to be checked)
Mardin Gate to the Ten-Arched BridgeAbout 3 kmBy taxi or dolmuş, then a walk by the Tigris
Centre to ZerzevanAbout 1 hourAbout 45 km southeast, by car (to be checked)

On foot, by bus and by dolmuş

The old city, with its walls, the Great Mosque and Hasan Paşa Han, is walkable. Buses, dolmuşes (minibuses) and taxis serve the main avenues and the outer districts; it helps to carry some small change.

For day trips

Çermik, Zerzevan and Karacadağ are easiest by hire car or an organised excursion. In summer, choose an air-conditioned hotel and set out early in the morning.

Late spring or autumn

Spring

May is the most recommended month for a visit, with pleasant days.

Summer

Very hot and dry: average highs exceed 38 degrees C in July, with peaks even higher. It is better to come outside summer.

Autumn

September to November, the other recommended season, with milder temperatures.

Winter

Cool to cold: highs of around 7 degrees C in January, lows around -2 degrees C, and some snowy days.

How many days, what budget, what formalities

Day 1

Walls and old city

A walk on the ramparts, the Great Mosque, breakfast at Hasan Paşa Han and the archaeological museum.

Day 2

Hevsel and the Tigris

The Hevsel Gardens, the Ten-Arched Bridge and a meal of kaburga dolması.

Day 3

Day trip

Çermik, Zerzevan Fort or Karacadağ, as you prefer.

Recommended length

Two to three days cover the walls, the old city monuments and the museums, with a day trip on top.

Cost level

Low to moderate (to be checked): meals, local transport and most entry fees stay affordable; accommodation and private excursions are the main expenses.

Entry rules and common sense

Depending on your nationality, an e-visa or an exemption applies: check the official site evisa.gov.tr and your own authorities (to be checked). Southeastern and eastern regions may carry specific travel advice from some governments, so consult your country's official guidance before you travel. On the ground, usual precautions are enough: keep your papers with you, watch your belongings in crowds and avoid empty alleys at night.

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Diyarbakır in pictures

Diyarbakır, the city walls and fortress at sunrise
Diyarbakır, a stone arched bridge over the Tigris in autumn

Frequently asked questions about flights to Diyarbakır

Which airport serves Diyarbakır and how far is it from the centre?

Diyarbakır Airport (DIY), around 10 to 15 km from the centre (to be checked), roughly 20 to 30 minutes by taxi. From Istanbul, expect a flight of around 2 hours.

When is the best time to visit Diyarbakır?

May, then autumn (September to November). Summer is best avoided, with average highs above 38 degrees C in July.

Is Diyarbakır an expensive destination?

No, the cost level is low to moderate (to be checked): meals, local transport and most entry fees stay affordable; accommodation and private excursions weigh most.

How many days do you need in Diyarbakır?

Two to three days: the walls, the old city and the museums, plus a day trip to Çermik or Zerzevan Fort.

How do you get around Diyarbakır?

On foot in the old city; by bus, dolmuş or taxi for the rest. For day trips, a hire car or an organised excursion.

What should you eat in Diyarbakır?

Kaburga dolması (stuffed lamb ribs), meftune, ciğer kebabı, çiğ köfte and, for dessert, burma kadayıf with walnuts; in summer, watermelon has its own festival. Breakfast is taken at Hasan Paşa Han.

Is Diyarbakır a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

Yes, the Diyarbakır Fortress and Hevsel Gardens Cultural Landscape was inscribed in 2015.

Can you walk on the Diyarbakır city walls?

Yes, public sections are free to walk. The Keçi Burcu bastion gives good views. Steps are uneven and there are no railings, so avoid the walls after dusk.

How much does a flight to Diyarbakır usually cost?

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